See ontology on Wiktionary
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"name": "lbor"
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{
"args": {
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"3": "ὤν",
"4": "ὤν, ὄντος",
"5": "being"
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"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὤν, ὄντος (ṓn, óntos, “being”)",
"name": "der"
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"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin ontologia (1606, Ogdoas Scholastica, by Jacob Lorhard (Lorhardus), from Ancient Greek ὤν, ὄντος (ṓn, óntos, “being”), present participle of εἰμί (eimí, “being, existing, essence”) + λόγος (lógos, “account”).\nFirst known English use 1663: Archelogia philosophica nova; or, New principles of Philosophy. Containing Philosophy in general, Metaphysicks or Ontology, Dynamilogy or a Discourse of Power, Religio Philosophi or Natural Theology, Physicks or Natural philosophy, by Gideon Harvey (1636–1702), London, Thomson, 1663.\nPopularized as a philosophical term by German philosopher Christian Wolff (1679–1754).",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 April 12, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R10:",
"text": "[Martin] Heidegger's concern […] was with ontology, the nature of beings, above all humans. The central question for him was \"What is being? What is it for something to be?\" He tackled this question not by way of the sciences, but by way of an examination of our prescientific daily life. We are, he argued, not cut off from the world by our mental processes: we are \"in the world\", in direct contact with our surroundings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being."
],
"id": "en-ontology-en-noun-FWW1nliQ",
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"metaphysics",
"metaphysics"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"qua",
"qua"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, philosophy) The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being."
],
"tags": [
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"topics": [
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"_dis1": "76 8 4 8 5",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "goyabanutʻyun",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "գոյաբանություն"
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"roman": "tottobidda",
"sense": "study of being",
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"sense": "study of being",
"word": "本體論"
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{
"_dis1": "76 8 4 8 5",
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"roman": "běntǐlùn",
"sense": "study of being",
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"roman": "onṭologia",
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"alt": "そんざいろん",
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"word": "هستیشناسی"
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"word": "உள்ளியம்"
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"word": "varlık felsefesi"
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"word": "онтоло́гія"
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"word": "bản thể luận"
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"word": "אָנטאָלאָגיע"
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"text": "Do you believe in ghosts? Then ghosts are in your ontology, along with tables and chairs and songs and vacations, and snow, and all the rest. It has proved more than convenient to extend the term \"ontology\" beyond this primary meaning and use it for the set of \"things\" that an animal can recognize and behave appropriately with regard to (whether or not animals can properly be said to have beliefs) and — more recently — the set of \"things\" a computer program has to be able to deal with to do its job (whether or not it can properly be said to have beliefs). Vacations are not in the ontology of a polar bear, but snow is, and so are seals. Snow is probably not in the ontology of a manatee, but outboard-motor propellers may well be, along with seaweed and fish and other manatees. The GPS system in your car handles one-way streets, left and right turns, speed limits, and the current velocity of your car (if it isn't zero, it may not let you put in a new target address), but its ontology also includes a number of satellites, as well as signals to and from those satellites, which it doesn't bother you with, but needs if it is to do its job.",
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{
"_dis": "12 37 5 31 15",
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{
"_dis": "12 35 6 31 16",
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},
{
"_dis": "12 35 5 32 16",
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{
"_dis": "12 35 6 31 16",
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{
"_dis": "12 36 5 31 15",
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{
"_dis": "12 36 5 32 15",
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],
"glosses": [
"A structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model."
],
"id": "en-ontology-en-noun-ycxl1Fy2",
"links": [
[
"computer science",
"computer science"
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[
"information science",
"information science"
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[
"structure",
"structure"
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"domain",
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[
"relationship",
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, computer science, information science) A structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"computer",
"computing",
"engineering",
"human-sciences",
"information-science",
"mathematics",
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"physical-sciences",
"science",
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{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ontologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ontología",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οντολογία"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ointeolaíocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontoloģija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ontologija",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтологија"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ontológija",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло́гия"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontològija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло̀гија"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 7 20 60",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontología"
}
]
}
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"Terms with Belarusian translations",
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"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "causal ontology"
},
{
"word": "formal ontology"
},
{
"word": "metaontology"
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{
"word": "ontologic"
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{
"word": "ontological"
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{
"word": "ontologise"
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{
"word": "ontologist"
},
{
"word": "ontologistic"
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{
"word": "ontologize"
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{
"word": "ontology alignment"
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{
"word": "ontology engineering"
}
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{
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin ontologia (1606, Ogdoas Scholastica, by Jacob Lorhard (Lorhardus), from Ancient Greek ὤν, ὄντος (ṓn, óntos, “being”), present participle of εἰμί (eimí, “being, existing, essence”) + λόγος (lógos, “account”).\nFirst known English use 1663: Archelogia philosophica nova; or, New principles of Philosophy. Containing Philosophy in general, Metaphysicks or Ontology, Dynamilogy or a Discourse of Power, Religio Philosophi or Natural Theology, Physicks or Natural philosophy, by Gideon Harvey (1636–1702), London, Thomson, 1663.\nPopularized as a philosophical term by German philosopher Christian Wolff (1679–1754).",
"forms": [
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}
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"word": "metaphysics"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ontic"
},
{
"word": "ontically"
},
{
"word": "ontonomy"
}
],
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"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Philosophy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 April 12, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R10:",
"text": "[Martin] Heidegger's concern […] was with ontology, the nature of beings, above all humans. The central question for him was \"What is being? What is it for something to be?\" He tackled this question not by way of the sciences, but by way of an examination of our prescientific daily life. We are, he argued, not cut off from the world by our mental processes: we are \"in the world\", in direct contact with our surroundings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being."
],
"links": [
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"philosophy",
"philosophy"
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"(uncountable, philosophy) The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
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"English uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Daniel C. Dennett, From Bacteria to Bach and Back, →ISBN:",
"text": "Do you believe in ghosts? Then ghosts are in your ontology, along with tables and chairs and songs and vacations, and snow, and all the rest. It has proved more than convenient to extend the term \"ontology\" beyond this primary meaning and use it for the set of \"things\" that an animal can recognize and behave appropriately with regard to (whether or not animals can properly be said to have beliefs) and — more recently — the set of \"things\" a computer program has to be able to deal with to do its job (whether or not it can properly be said to have beliefs). Vacations are not in the ontology of a polar bear, but snow is, and so are seals. Snow is probably not in the ontology of a manatee, but outboard-motor propellers may well be, along with seaweed and fish and other manatees. The GPS system in your car handles one-way streets, left and right turns, speed limits, and the current velocity of your car (if it isn't zero, it may not let you put in a new target address), but its ontology also includes a number of satellites, as well as signals to and from those satellites, which it doesn't bother you with, but needs if it is to do its job.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"In a subject view, or a world view, the set of conceptual or material things or classes of things that are recognised as existing, or are assumed to exist in context, and their interrelations; in a body of theory, the ontology comprises the domain of discourse, the things that are defined as existing, together with whatever emerges from their mutual implications."
],
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"(uncountable, philosophy) In a subject view, or a world view, the set of conceptual or material things or classes of things that are recognised as existing, or are assumed to exist in context, and their interrelations; in a body of theory, the ontology comprises the domain of discourse, the things that are defined as existing, together with whatever emerges from their mutual implications."
],
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"ref": "2000, C. D. C. Reeve, Substantial Knowledge: Aristotle's Metaphysics, Hackett Publishing, page 97:",
"text": "The answer to the controversial question of whether Aristotle's ontology includes non-substantial particulars, then, is that it does.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The theory of a particular philosopher or school of thought concerning the fundamental types of entity in the universe."
],
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],
"tags": [
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],
"topics": [
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},
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],
"glosses": [
"A logical system involving theory of classes, developed by Stanislaw Lesniewski (1886-1939)."
],
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"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"structure"
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, computer science, information science) A structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model."
],
"tags": [
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],
"topics": [
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"computing",
"engineering",
"human-sciences",
"information-science",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"science",
"sciences"
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}
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "goyabanutʻyun",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "գոյաբանություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontologiya"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "ontologiya",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "онтология"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "antalóhija",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "антало́гія"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "tottobidda",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "তত্ত্ববিদ্যা"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "本體論"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "běntǐlùn",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "本体论"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "verufrøði"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontoloxía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "onṭologia",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ონტოლოგია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ontologie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ontología",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οντολογία"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontoloji"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ontológia",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אונטולוגיה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontológia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "verufræði"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ointeolaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"alt": "そんざいろん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sonzairon",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "存在論"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ontorojī",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "オントロジー"
},
{
"alt": "ほんたいろん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hontairon",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "本体論"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ontologiä",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "онтология"
},
{
"alt": "存在論",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jonjaeron",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "존재론"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ontologiya",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "онтология"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontoloģija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ontologija",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтологија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ontologi",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "онтологи"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "هستیشناسی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ontológija",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло́гия"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontològija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло̀гија"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontología"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "dalubmagingan"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "uḷḷiyam",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "உள்ளியம்"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pá-wá-wít-tá-yaa",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ภววิทยา"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "varlık felsefesi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "ontoloji"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ontolóhija",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло́гія"
},
{
"alt": "本體論",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of being",
"word": "bản thể luận"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "ontologye",
"sense": "study of being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אָנטאָלאָגיע"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ontologie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ontología",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οντολογία"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ointeolaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontoloģija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ontologija",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтологија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ontologi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontologie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ontológija",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло́гия"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ontològija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "онтоло̀гија"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "system model in computer science",
"word": "ontología"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jacob Lorhard",
"ontology"
],
"word": "ontology"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ontology meaning in All languages combined (18.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.